Lineage of Hystrix cristata
Hystrix cristata
(present)
Hystrix
(~2.79 Mya)Hystricidae
(~13.5 Mya)
Hystricognathi Hystricomorpha
(~21.2 Mya)
Rodentia
(~68.8 Mya)
Rodentiaformes pan-Rodentia Glires
(~79 Mya)
pan-Glires 
Euarchontoglires
(~87.2 Mya)
Boreotheria
(~94 Mya)Placentalia
(~99.2 Mya)
pan-Placentalia
(~120 Mya)Theria
(~160 Mya)
Tribosphenida Zatheria Prototribosphenida 
Cladotheria 
Trechnotheria 
pan-Theria 
Mammalia
(~180 Mya)Holotheria 
Mammaliaformes
(~193 Mya)
Mammaliamorpha Prozostrodontia
(~237 Mya)
Chiniquodontoidea 
Probainognathia 
Eucynodontia
(~250 Mya)
Epicynodontia 
Cynodontia
(~260 Mya)
Eutheriodontia 
Theriodontia
(~264 Mya)
Biarmosuchia 
Therapsida
(~267 Mya)
Sphenacodontoidea 
Sphenacodontia
(~304 Mya)Sphenacomorpha 
Eupelycosauria 
Pan-Mammalia
(~310 Mya)
Amniota
(~319 Mya)
Pan-Amniota 
Tetrapoda
(~352 Mya)
pentadactyl pan-tetrapods 
hexadactyl pan-tetrapods 
Labyrinthodontia 
Stegocephali 
Elpistostegalia 
Panderichthyida 
Tristichopteriformes
(~382 Mya)
Eotetrapodiformes 
Osteolepidida 
pan-Tetrapoda
(~391 Mya)
Rhipidistia
(~408 Mya)
Sarcopterygii
(~415 Mya)Osteichthyes 
Pan-Osteichthyes 
Gnathostomata 
maxillate vertebrates 
vertebrates with ventral nasal openings 
Apo-Gnathostomata 
Cephalaspidomorpha 
Pan-Gnathostomata 
Vertebrata 
pan-Vertebrata Olfactores 
Chordata 
pan-chordates with myomeres 
pan-chordates with branchial arches 
Vetulicolida
(~515 Mya)
pan-Chordata
(~521 Mya)
Nephrozoa 
Bilateria
(~686 Mya)
pan-Bilateria 
Parahoxozoa Myriazoa Metazoa 
pan-Metazoa 
Choanozoa 
Filozoa 
Holozoa 
Opisthokonta 
Obazoa Amorphea 
Podiata 
Neokaryotes 
aerobic mitochondria clade 
Eukarya 
parakaryotes Heimdallarchaeota 
Asgardarchaeota 
Proteoarchaeota 
Neomura 
Biota
(~4.25 Gya)
Pan-Biota